![]() Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), introduced to endodontics in 1990, is suggested for assessment of anatomy and morphology of the root canal system, since it provides 3D images of tooth structure with no destruction and enables thorough assessment of the internal and external morphology of the root canal system. Several methods have been suggested for evaluation of root canal morphology. Morphological variations in root canal anatomy due to ethnicity and genetic differences have been reported in many studies therefore, it is required to identify root canal anatomy of different populations for successful endodontic treatment. The external morphology and internal anatomy of the teeth are highly variable in terms of number and shape of roots and canals. Inadequate knowledge in this regard will lead to incomplete debridement and filling of the root canals, which is the main cause of failure of root canal treatments. It may, in fact, bring relief to the patient, particularly if the pulp inflammation caused significant pain and thus brought about the need for a root canal treatment.A successful endodontic treatment requires a thorough knowledge of tooth anatomy and morphology of the root canal system because there is a wide variability in this respect even within the normal range. This is in large part due to the local anesthesia used during the procedure to numb the area. As a result, most patients now find that they are relatively comfortable while the procedure is being carried out and do not experience significant pain. The techniques used to perform a root canal have progressed significantly over recent decades. At the subsequent dental appointment, the temporary filling can be removed and the tooth restored with a crown or other restoration. A temporary filling is useful during this time. Eventually, a crown is usually placed over the tooth to protect it over the long-term, but there is usually a waiting period between dental appointments while the crown is constructed. Once the root canal has been filled, a temporary filling is usually put in place over the opening to seal it. Adhesive dental cement is also usually used to ensure that the root canal is properly sealed and to prevent future infections in the area. The root canal can then be filled with a suitable biocompatible material, such as gutta-percha. The remaining space is then cleaned completely and shaped to make space for a filling, which will replace the pulp in the tooth. This allows specialized dental instruments to be inserted into the pulp chamber and root canals to clean the inflamed or infected pulp from the area. The dentist is then able to drill into the crown of the tooth to open it. A “dental dam” – a small protective sheet – is then put in place over the affected area to isolate the tooth and keep saliva and other substances away from it while the work is completed. Next, a local anesthetic is administered to numb the tooth and increase the comfort of the patient during the procedure. This typically involves a physical examination of the inside of the mouth, in addition to X-ray imaging of the tooth to visualize the pulp chamber. The first step in the root canal treatment is making an examination of the tooth so that the dentist understands the nature of the problem and is able to treat it effectively. Additionally, root canal treatment can help to protect other teeth in the mouth from excessive strain and possible damage, as may occur if only one side of the mouth is used. It also helps to maintain the natural aesthetic appearance of the tooth, in contrast to alternative options, such as dental implants. Root canal treatment can help to maintain the function of the teeth so that patients may continue to chew effectively using normal biting force. Without treatment, the infection may progress to cause significant pain or cause the formation of an abscess underneath the tooth, which affects the strength and function of the tooth. The root canal treatment procedure is a good solution with many potential benefits for patients who have significant inflammation or infection in the pulp of a tooth. Image Credit: Alila Medical Media / Shutterstock Indications for Root Canal Treatment ![]()
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